Yuav Tsum Muaj Cov Khoom Siv Dab Tsi Los Tsim Ib Lub Chaw Sib Txuas Lus Photovoltaic? Ib Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Tsim Cov Chaw Sib Txuas Lus Photovoltaic

Ib qho chaw sib txuas lus photovoltaic yog ib hom kev tsim kho tshiab uas muab cov thev naus laus zis tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic nrog kev tsim cov chaw sib txuas lus. Nws muab lub zog ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha rau cov khoom siv sib txuas lus hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj kev pabcuam grid, xws li thaj chaw deb, thaj chaw roob, thiab cov kob. Tsab xov xwm no yuav muab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws txog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam uas xav tau rau kev tsim cov chaw sib txuas lus photovoltaic, nrog rau cov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb, muab cov lus qhia ua tau zoo rau cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam.

I. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Tseem Ceeb

1. Cov Modules Photovoltaic (Cov Vaj Huam Sib Luag Hnub Ci)

Cov modules photovoltaic yog "lub plawv" ntawm tag nrho lub kaw lus, lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov lub zog hnub ci mus rau hauv hluav taws xob ncaj qha (DC). Cov chaw sib txuas lus feem ntau siv cov monocrystalline lossis polycrystalline silicon hnub ci panels, nrog rau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob feem ntau ntawm 200W txog 400W. Tus lej thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov photovoltaic modules yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom raug raws li kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas lus thiab cov xwm txheej hnub ci hauv zos. Nws raug pom zoo kom xaiv cov khoom lag luam nrog kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv siab thiab tiv taus huab cua zoo, thiab khaws cia 15% -20% peev xwm margin.

2. Cov Inverters Photovoltaic

Cov inverters hloov lub zog DC uas tsim los ntawm cov photovoltaic modules mus rau hauv lub zog AC rau kev siv los ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas lus. Rau cov chaw sib txuas lus, cov inverters sine wave ntshiab raug pom zoo, vim lawv tsim cov waveform tso zis huv si uas tiv thaiv cov khoom siv sib txuas lus rhiab heev. Hais txog kev xaiv lub zog, lub zog ntsuas ntawm lub inverter yuav tsum yog 1.5 txog 2 npaug ntau dua li tag nrho cov zog siv ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas lus kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm siab tshaj plaws.

3. Lub Txhab Nyiaj Roj Teeb

Lub roj teeb no ua haujlwm ua "lub chaw khaws hluav taws xob" rau cov chaw sib txuas lus photovoltaic, muab hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv sib txuas lus thaum hmo ntuj lossis thaum huab cua tsaus ntuj lossis los nag. Peb hom roj teeb uas siv ntau yog cov roj teeb lead-acid, cov roj teeb gel, thiab cov roj teeb lithium-ion. Cov roj teeb lead-acid pheej yig dua tab sis siv tau ntev dua; cov roj teeb gel tsis tas yuav saib xyuas ntau thiab tsim nyog rau cov chaw tsis muaj neeg tsav; txawm hais tias cov roj teeb lithium-ion kim dua, lawv muaj lub neej ntev thiab muaj zog ntau, ua rau lawv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw siab. Lub peev xwm ntawm roj teeb yuav tsum tau xam raws li tus lej siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov hnub los nag sib law liag thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob txhua hnub ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas lus.

II. Cov Khoom Siv Faib Fais Fab thiab Tswj

1. PV Tswj

Lub tshuab tswj PV ua haujlwm ua "lub hlwb" ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic. Nws tswj cov txheej txheem them los ntawm cov PV modules mus rau cov roj teeb, tiv thaiv kev them ntau dhau thiab kev tso tawm ntau dhau, thiab ua kom lub roj teeb siv tau ntev dua. Rau cov chaw sib txuas lus, nws raug pom zoo kom xaiv lub tshuab tswj MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking), uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog los ntawm 15% -30% piv rau PWM controllers. Lub zog ntsuas ntawm lub tshuab tswj yuav tsum ntau dua 1.25 npaug ntawm lub zog luv luv ntawm cov PV modules.

2. Txee Muab Fais Fab

Lub txee faib hluav taws xob siv rau kev tswj hwm thiab faib hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab, thiab muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv xws li cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tawg, fuses, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Lub txee faib hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas lus yuav tsum muaj ntau yam kev tiv thaiv, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv xob laim, kev tiv thaiv overload, thiab kev tiv thaiv luv luv, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev muab hluav taws xob. Lub txee yuav tsum muaj qib tiv thaiv IP65 kom tiv taus qhov chaw nyob sab nraum zoov uas nyuaj.

3. Kev saib xyuas

Lub tshuab saib xyuas chaw deb ua haujlwm ua "lub qhov muag" ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas lus PV, muaj peev xwm saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb xws li PV module fais fab tsim, roj teeb them, inverter xwm txheej, thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus rau qhov chaw saib xyuas ntawm 4G / 5G tes hauj lwm lossis kev sib txuas lus satellite, ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas thiab ceeb toom txog qhov txhaum. Lub tshuab saib xyuas yuav tsum suav nrog cov haujlwm xws li khaws cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, ceeb toom ceeb toom, thiab kev tswj chaw deb.

III. Cov Khoom Siv Tsim Kho thiab Kev Teeb tsa

1. Cov Txheej Txheem Mounting PV

Cov tshuab mounting PV yog siv los ruaj ntseg thiab txhawb nqa cov photovoltaic modules; hom tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa. Rau kev teeb tsa hauv av, cov hauv paus pob zeb lossis cov ntsia hlau yuav siv tau; kev teeb tsa ru tsev yuav tsum xav txog lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab kev tiv thaiv dej; kev teeb tsa nqes hav yuav tsum muaj cov tshuab mounting uas hloov tau lub kaum sab xis. Cov ntaub ntawv mounting yuav tsum yog cov hlau kub-dip galvanized lossis txhuas alloy, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev.

2. Txee thiab Racks

Cov khoom siv sib txuas lus yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau hauv cov txee uas muaj qib kev tiv thaiv siab. Cov txee feem ntau muaj qib kev tiv thaiv IP55 lossis IP65, uas muab cov peev xwm tiv taus plua plav, tiv taus dej, thiab tiv taus xeb. Sab hauv ntawm cov txee xav tau kev teeb tsa zoo nrog qhov chaw txaus rau kev tso cua sov thiab yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub kaw lus tswj qhov kub (kiv cua lossis cua txias) kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsim nyog.

3. Cov Cables thiab Cov Connectors

Cov tshuab photovoltaic xav tau kev siv cov xov hluav taws xob PV tshwj xeeb uas tiv taus UV, tiv taus kub siab, thiab tiv taus kub qis. Cov xov hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv sib txuas lus yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kom txo qis kev cuam tshuam electromagnetic. Txhua qhov txuas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj dej thiab tsis muaj hmoov av; cov khoom lag luam qib siab xws li MC4 txuas raug pom zoo.

IV. Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Cov Khoom Siv Pabcuam

1. Lub Tshuab Tiv Thaiv Xob laim

Vim tias cov chaw sib txuas lus PV feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj chaw qhib, kev tiv thaiv xob laim yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yuav tsum tau teeb tsa cov pas nrig xob laim thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (SPDs), thiab yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj lub kaw lus av zoo. Qhov tiv thaiv av yuav tsum tsawg dua 10 Ω kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum muaj xob laim.

2. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Sab hauv lub txee yuav tsum muaj cov tshuab tua hluav taws tsis siv neeg (xws li cov tshuab roj heptafluoropropane), thiab cov khoom siv tua hluav taws xws li cov tshuaj tua hluav taws hmoov qhuav yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw. Lub tshuab saib xyuas yuav tsum muaj cov haujlwm ceeb toom pa taws thiab kub.

3. Cov Khoom Siv Saib Xyuas Ib Puag Ncig

Nruab cov khoom siv saib xyuas ib puag ncig xws li cov ntsuas kub thiab av noo, nrog rau cov ntsuas cua ceev thiab kev taw qhia, los muab kev txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus. Hauv qab huab cua hnyav heev, lub kaw lus tuaj yeem hloov kho nws txoj kev ua haujlwm kom tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv.

V. Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Teeb Tsa

1. Lub Ntsiab Cai Sib Piv Peev Xwm

Lub peev xwm ntawm cov photovoltaic modules, lub peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb, thiab lub zog ntawm inverter yuav tsum sib phim zoo. Feem ntau, qhov kev teeb tsa ua raws li qhov sib piv ntawm "photovoltaic module power : battery capacity : inverter power = 1:1.2:1.5," txawm hais tias yuav tsum tau hloov kho tshwj xeeb raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm lub hnub ci hauv zos thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas lus.

2. Tsim Kev Rov Ua Dua

Xav txog tej yam xws li cov khoom siv qub thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nws raug pom zoo kom khaws cia 20% -30% ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm rov ua dua thaum lub sijhawm tsim lub kaw lus. Rau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb xws li cov maub los thiab cov inverters, kev teeb tsa rov ua dua N + 1 raug pom zoo.

3. Kev tu yooj yim

Kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv yuav tsum pab txhawb kev saib xyuas thiab kho, nrog rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm txaus. Cov chaw khaws roj teeb yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj cua nkag tau zoo kom yooj yim rau kev hloov pauv. Lub kaw lus saib xyuas yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov khoom siv kom ntxaws los pab txhawb kev kuaj mob qhov tsis zoo.

4. Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tus Nqi-Cov txiaj ntsig

Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv, cov yam xws li kev nqis peev thawj zaug, cov nqi O&M, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau xav txog kom meej. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv kim heev yuav tsum tau nqis peev thawj zaug ntau dua, nws tuaj yeem txo tag nrho cov nqi ntawm kev muaj (TCO) hauv lub sijhawm ntev.

Kev tsim cov chaw sib txuas lus photovoltaic yog ib qho project engineering uas yuav tsum tau xaiv cov khoom siv tsim nyog raws li cov xwm txheej thov tshwj xeeb. Nws raug pom zoo kom ua cov kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhov hnyav ua ntej kev siv project los tsim ib txoj kev npaj tsim kho zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj ib lub kaw lus tswj hwm O&M, nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv tsis tu ncua thiab kev saib xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov chaw sib txuas lus mus sij hawm ntev. Nrog rau kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic thiab kev poob qis tas mus li ntawm cov nqi, cov chaw sib txuas lus photovoltaic yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw, muab kev sib txuas lus txhim khu kev qha rau cov chaw nyob deb nroog.