Lub sijhawm them rov qab rau ntau hom kev ua haujlwm photovoltaic

2025-08-05

ⅰ. Lub sijhawm them rov qab yog dab tsi? Vim li cas thiaj tseem ceeb?

Lub sijhawm them rov qab yog hais txog lub sijhawm xav tau rau qhov project photovoltaic kom rov qab tau nws cov peev txheej pib los ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob, muag hluav taws xob, lossis nyiaj pab. Cov mis yog feem ntau:

Lub Sijhawm Them Rov Qab = Tus Nqi Pib Ua Lag Luam ÷ Tus Nqi Them Ib Xyoo Ib Xyoo (Kev Txuag Zog + Kev Muag Khoom Hluav Taws Xob + Kev Pabcuam - Tus Nqi Ua Haujlwm)

Qhov kev ntsuas no ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm kev nqis peev rov qab; qhov nyiaj rov qab sai dua, qhov kev pheej hmoo qis dua, thiab qhov txaus nyiam nws yog rau peev.

 

ⅱ. Ntau hom kev ua haujlwm photovoltaic thiab lawv cov sijhawm them rov qab

  1. Qhov chaw nyob Rooftop PV

Hauv cov chaw nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Tebchaws Europe, Middle East, thiab lwm yam: Lub sijhawm them nyiaj nruab nrab yog 6-10 xyoo. Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj tus nqi hluav taws xob siab, tus nqi hluav taws xob nrawm nrawm, lossis kev txhawb nqa se / nyiaj pab, lub sijhawm them rov qab tuaj yeem luv dua.

Hauv Suav teb: Cov nyiaj rov qab txhua xyoo ntawm kev nqis peev yog kwv yees li 8-10%, nrog rau lub sijhawm them rov qab ntawm 6-8 xyoo.

  1. Kev lag luam thiab muaj Rooftop PV  

Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, rau cov neeg siv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqi hluav taws xob siab tshaj lossis cov nqi sib tw, cov phiaj xwm kev lag luam tuaj yeem ua tiav txhua xyoo rov qab los ntawm 10-15%, nrog rau lub sijhawm them rov qab li ntawm 5 xyoos.

Hauv cov cheeb tsam xws li California, cov haujlwm ua lag luam feem ntau ua tiav cov nyiaj rov qab hauv 3-5 xyoo, thaum cov koom haum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yuav siv sij hawm ntev me ntsis ntawm 4-7 xyoo.

  1. Utility-scale PV Farms

Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov dej num, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws nplua nuj (Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb, Tebchaws Meskas, Middle East, Africa, thiab lwm yam), ua tiav txhua xyoo rov qab los ntawm 6-10%, nrog rau lub sijhawm them rov qab ntawm 6-10 xyoo.

Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cov khoom siv hnub ci tsis zoo thiab cov nyiaj pab txo qis, xws li United Kingdom, cov dej num siv hluav taws xob yuav tau ncua sij hawm them rov qab ntawm 10-12 xyoo.

  1. Zej Zog Hnub Ci

Cov phiaj xwm hnub ci hauv zej zog tso cai rau ntau tog neeg los nqis peev thiab faib cov txiaj ntsig, nrog lub sijhawm them rov qab sib txawv, feem ntau yog li ntawm 6-20 xyoo. Cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv zos, cov nyiaj pab, thiab cov ntawv cog lus koom nrog txhua qhov cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm no.

  1. Agrivoltaics

Cov kab ke sib txuas ua liaj ua teb thiab hnub ci zog, ua rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev cog qoob loo thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob. Lub sijhawm them rov qab feem ntau luv dua, feem ntau yog 4-8 xyoo, nrog qee kis txawm sai dua.

  1. Floating PV

PV systems tau nruab rau ntawm cov dej saum npoo tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov cua txias thiab cov nqi av qis, uas ua rau lub zog them rov qab ntawm kwv yees li 1.3 xyoo (los ntawm kev xav txog kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag, tsis yog nyiaj txiag). Lub sij hawm them nyiaj rov qab tiag tiag feem ntau yog li ntawm 3 txog 5 xyoos.

 

ⅲ. Yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lub sij hawm them rov qab

  1. Geographic thiab Solar Conditions

Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj hnub ci ntau (xws li Middle East, South Asia, Africa, thiab yav qab teb Europe) muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua txhua xyoo, ua rau lub sijhawm them rov qab luv dua. Northern Europe muaj lub sijhawm them rov qab ntev dua.

  1. Cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab cov cai pab nyiaj  

Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob siab thiab cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj (xws li cov nqi pub khoom noj thiab cov qhab nia se) ua tiav sai dua; nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas txo cov nyiaj pab thiab txo nqi hluav taws xob, them rov qab qeeb dua.

  1. System Scale thiab Project Type  

Cov txheej txheem me me muab cov khoom siv tau yooj yim thiab xa rov qab sai; Txawm li cas los xij, cov phiaj xwm loj hauv nruab nrab, txawm tias tag nrho cov nqi siab dua, muaj tus nqi qis dua ib kilowatt-teev thiab cov nyiaj tau los ruaj khov, ua rau lub sijhawm them rov qab tag nrho yuav tsum tau tswj hauv 6-10 xyoo.

  1. Seb txawm nruab nrog lub zog cia tshuab (photovoltaic-storage)  

Photovoltaic-storage systems nce tus nqi siv tus kheej tab sis nce nqi pib nqis peev. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj lub tsev nyob photovoltaic-storage rooj plaub, lub sij hawm them rov qab yog kwv yees li 6 xyoo; yam xws li cov nqi thev naus laus zis thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv cheeb tsam cov qauv txheej txheem kuj cuam tshuam rau lub voj voog.

  1. Kev khiav hauj lwm thiab kev saib xyuas cov nqi thiab kev degradation system  

Raws li cov khoom vaj huam sib luag hnub nyoog thiab kev khiav hauj lwm thiab cov nqi kho mob nce, cov nyiaj tau los tiag tiag yog qis dua li cov qauv theoretical. Yog li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo kom khaws cia 10-15% depreciation margin.

 

Ⅳ. Cov lus sib piv ntawm cov hom ib txwm los ntawm kev pom thoob ntiaj teb

Hom Hom Txhua xyoo yield (kwv yees) Lub sij hawm them rov qab (xyoo) Cov piv txwv hauv cheeb tsam
Chaw Nyob Distributed PV ~ 8-10% 6–8 / 6–10 Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Asmeskas, United Kingdom, Middle East, thiab lwm yam.
Kev Lag Luam / Kev Lag Luam Distributed PV ~ 10-15% ~5 Tuam txhab rooftops, khw malls, tsev kho mob, thiab lwm yam.
Utility-Scale Ground-Mounted PV ~ 6-10% 6–10 / 10–12 Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb, United Kingdom, Africa, Tebchaws Asmeskas, thiab lwm yam.
Community PV nce mus nce los 6-20 North America, Europe, tsim lub tebchaws, thiab lwm yam.
Agrivoltaic Simultaneous kev ua liaj ua teb thiab hluav taws xob tsim cov nyiaj tau los 4-8 Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv, Europe, thiab lwm yam Agricultural hnub ci kev koom ua ke tej yaam num
Floating PV High efficiency, av txuag, chaw txuag Lub zog them rov qab ~ 1.3 xyoo; nyiaj txiag payback approx. 3–5 Lub teb chaws muaj ntau lub pas dej, reservoir, thiab dej saum npoo av